important terminology in news

vocabulary

Brief summary

• It is also known as digital chain.
• It is an architecture that connects data from all distributed manufacturing components throughout the product life cycle.
  • It involves the flow of information generated at various stages – from design and production to sale, use and disposal.
• This optimizes the manufacturing process and improves overall operational efficiency.

• VAD is a key digital signal processing component and is used in various speech based applications.
• VAD is a technique for identifying the presence of human speech in an audio.
• It involves analyzing an audio signal and identifying distinctive characteristics of human speech such as specific frequency ranges or energy levels.

• It is a type of data analysis.
• It is a process of understanding the causes of trends, events or behaviors.
• This is considered a logical step after using descriptive analysis to find causes and correlations between variables.
• This can be done manually, or using algorithms and statistical software.

• Drive-by download attack or simply drive-by attack is a technique by which malicious code is automatically downloaded to the user's device without his or her knowledge.
  • Cyber ​​criminals insert malicious scripts into HTTP or PHP code on unsecured websites. Whenever someone visits these pages, malware gets installed directly on their system.

• Applicability: Diplomatic passports have a maroon cover, and are valid for five years or less.
  • However, the ordinary passport, which has a dark blue cover and is valid for 10 years (for adults).
• privilege: Holders of such passports are entitled to certain privileges and immunities in accordance with international law, including immunity from arrest, detention and certain legal action in the host country.
• Issuer: The Consular, Passport and Visa Division of the Ministry of External Affairs issues diplomatic passports ('Type D' passports) to people broadly falling into five categories:
  • having diplomatic status
  • Government-appointed individuals travel abroad on official business.
  • Officers working under Branches A and B of the Indian Foreign Service (IFS) generally hold the rank of Joint Secretary and above.
  • Relatives and immediate families of officers serving in IFS and MEA
  • To select persons who are authorized to undertake official travel on behalf of the Government. It includes Union ministers and MPs, who often travel abroad representing the government.
    • The validity of these passports is along with the tenure of the MP.
    • Example: Congress leader Rahul Gandhi had surrendered his diplomatic passport after being disqualified as an MP last March.